Genome sequencing and annotation Genome project history This organism was selected for sequencing on the basis of its phylogenetic position [37], and is part of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and selleck chem Archaea project [38]. The genome project is deposited in the Genomes On Line Database [16] and the complete genome sequence is deposited in GenBank. Sequencing, finishing and annotation were performed by the DOE Joint Genome Institute (JGI). A summary of the project information is shown in Table 2. Table 2 Genome sequencing project information Growth conditions and DNA isolation D. mucosus strain 07/1T, DSM 2162, was grown anaerobically in DSMZ medium 184 (Desulfurococcus medium) [39] at 85��C. DNA was isolated from 0.

5-1 g of cell paste using Qiagen Genomic 500 DNA kit (Qiagen 10262) following the standard protocol as recommended by the manufacturer, with no modification. DNA is available through the DNA Bank Network [40]. Genome sequencing and assembly The genome was sequenced using a combination of Illumina and 454 sequencing platforms. All general aspects of library construction and sequencing can be found at the JGI website [41]. Pyrosequencing reads were assembled using the Newbler assembler version 2.5-internal-10Apr08-1-threads (Roche). The initial Newbler assembly consisting of three contigs in one scaffold was converted into a phrap assembly [42] by making fake reads from the consensus, to collect the read pairs in the 454 paired end library. Illumina GAii sequencing data (99.5 Mb) were assembled with Velvet [43] and the consensus sequences were shredded into 1.

5 kb overlapped fake reads and assembled together with the 454 data. The 454 draft assembly was based on 546.5 Mb 454 draft data and all of the 454 paired end data. Newbler parameters are -consed -a 50 -l 350 -g -m -ml 20. The Phred/Phrap/Consed software package [42] was used for sequence assembly and quality assessment in the subsequent finishing process. After the shotgun stage, reads were assembled with parallel phrap (High Performance Software, LLC). Possible mis-assemblies were corrected with gapResolution [41], Dupfinisher [44], or sequencing cloned bridging PCR fragments with subcloning or transposon bombing (Epicentre Biotechnologies, Madison, WI). Gaps between contigs were closed by editing in Consed, by PCR and by Bubble PCR primer walks (J.-F.Chang, unpublished).

A total of 12 additional reactions were necessary to close gaps and to raise the quality of the finished sequence. Illumina reads were also used to correct potential base errors and increase consensus quality using a software Polisher developed at JGI [45]. The error rate of the completed genome sequence is less than 1 in 100,000. Together, the combination of the Illumina and 454 sequencing platforms provided 120.5 �� coverage of the genome. Batimastat The final assembly contained 264,988 pyrosequence and 1,310,055 Illumina reads.