(c) 2012 Society of Chemical Industry”
“Sputtering

l

(c) 2012 Society of Chemical Industry”
“Sputtering

losses of zinc oxide films prepared by radical assisted sputtering were studied. It was found that the sputtering loss can be very severe in oxygenous sputtering processes of zinc oxide films. In general, resputtering caused by negative oxygen ions dominates the sputtering loss, while diffuse deposition plays a minor role. Resputtering is strongly correlated with the sputtering threshold energy of the deposited films and the concentration of O- in the sputtering zone. The balance between the oxygen concentration in the Saracatinib in vitro sputtering zone and the oxidation degree of the growing films depends on the sputtering rate. Our research suggests that a lower oxygen concentration in the sputtering zone and a higher oxidation degree of the growing films are favorable for reducing the resputtering losses. The sputtering loss mechanisms discussed in this work are also helpful for understanding the deposition processes of other magnetron sputtering systems.”
“Objective-To identify

prognostic factors in a large group of dogs with subcutaneous or intramuscular hemangiosarcoma (HSA) or both.

Design-Multi-institutional retrospective cohort study.

Animals-71 dogs with subcutaneous or intramuscular HSA.

Procedures-Medical records of affected dogs were reviewed. The following factors were evaluated for an association with outcome: dog age and sex, clinical signs, anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutrophilia, tumor stage at BIIB057 nmr diagnosis, achievement of complete excision, intramuscular involvement, presence of gross disease, tumor recurrence, and treatment.

Results-Of the find more 7.1 cases identified, 16

(29%) had intramuscular tumor involvement. For all dogs, median time to tumor progression and overall survival time (OST) were 116 and 172 days, respectively; 25% survived to 1 year. Univariate analysis identified presence of clinical signs or metastasis at diagnosis, dog age, tumor size, use of any surgery, and presence of gross disease as predictors of time to tumor progression and OST. There was no significant difference in survival time between dogs with respect to type of HSA. Multivariate analysis confirmed that adequate local tumor control, tumor diameter <= 4 cm, presence of metastasis at diagnosis, and presence of gross disease were significantly associated with OST.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Subcutaneous and intramuscular HSA remains a heterogeneous group of tumors that generally carries a poor prognosis. Adequate local control of smaller tumors with no associated clinical signs or metastasis may provide the best chance of long-term survival. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2011;238:472-479)”
“We present thermal conductivity measurements of micromachined 500 nm thick silicon-nitride (Si-N) beams suspended between two Si-N islands, in the temperature range from 77 to 325 K.

In addition, recent findings suggest that individuals exposed in

In addition, recent findings suggest that individuals exposed in childhood have significantly reduced brachial artery endothelial function 20 years later in adulthood. Importantly, this AZD1480 molecular weight effect could not be explained by adult risk factor levels or smoking behaviors. So far, results from intervention studies to promote parental smoking cessation have been disappointing, with an average success rate of less than 25% in intervention studies.SummaryChildhood ETS exposure is strongly associated with both cardiovascular risk factors and subclinical markers of atherosclerosis. As present, intervention strategies

for parental smoking cessation seem inadequate; there is an urgent need for innovative intervention strategies to protect children from the detrimental effects of ETS.”
“A comprehensive phytochemical

study of the stem bark of Strychnos icaja was done for the first time and led to the isolation of two new monoindole alkaloids 15-hydroxyvomicine (1) and 12-methoxyicajine (2) along with 13 known alkaloids: the monoindoles N-methyl-sec-iso-pseudostrychnine (3), vomicine (4), icajine (5), 19,20-alpha-epoxy-12-methoxyicajine (6), 19,20-alpha-epoxy-12,15-dihydroxy-11-methoxyicajine (7), 19,20-alpha-epoxy-15-hydroxynovacine (8), 15-hydroxyicajine (9), 12-hydroxystrychnine (10), strychnine (11) and the tertiary bisindoles sungucine (12), isosungucine (13), strychnogucine C (14) and bisnordihydrotoxiferine (15). Apart from 10 and 11, the other alkaloids were isolated for the first time from the stem bark of this plant. PXD101 order The hemisynthetic derivative, N-b-chloromethosungucine (16) and the previously reported synthetic compound 3 were isolated from a natural source for the first time.

Fractions and some isolated compounds were tested against the chloroquine-sensitive 3D7 strain of Plasmodium falciparum. The bisindole alkaloids were most active with IC50 ranging from 0.72 to 3.41 mu g/ml whilst the monomers 1 and 3 were slightly active (IC50 39.92 and 40.27 mu g/ml respectively) and 6 inactive. The structures of the compounds were determined based on the analysis of their spectral data. The full H-1 and C-13 NMR data URMC-099 ic50 of compounds 3, 6 and 7 are also reported in the present work for the first time. (C) 2011 Phytochemical Society of Europe. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Objective: To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of intratympanic dexamethasone combined with systemic prednisolone in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL).

Study Design: Prospective, quasirandomized, multicenter clinical trial.

Setting: One university hospital and 2 affiliated hospitals.

Patients: A total of 92 eligible patients with ISSNHL were allocated into 2 groups. Patients in the control group were treated with systemic prednisolone alone.

A multivariable proportional odds

model was used to contr

A multivariable proportional odds

model was used to control for risk factors. OR utilization and efficiency were analyzed using the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test.

Results: There were no significant differences in ICC scores between the groups (P-value = 0.12). Anesthesia, nonoperative, and transport time were statistically less in the OR group when compared with the IR group, although total case process times were similar in both groups. While OR efficiency was significantly higher for the OR group (P-value = 0.0096), OR utilization did not differ between groups (P-value = 0.288). The OR group had a significantly higher number of anesthesia providers and a more experienced surgical team. Parents in the two groups were equally satisfied with their experience during induction, and none of the subjects had respiratory complications check details during the anesthesia induction.

Conclusions: We found no differences in child distress, parent satisfaction,

and respiratory complications between inductions conducted in the selleck products IR vs theOR. Differences in utilization, efficiency, and turnover were minimal and not operationally significant. Capital equipment, space, and staffing strategies should be key drivers in considerations for the use of IRs, and in the design ofORs with IRs.”
“This is the first reported case of Nocardia niigatensis infection in an adult kidney transplant recipient. A 57-year-old Asian woman presented with multiple cutaneous abscesses and rapidly growing fungating mass on the left pretibial

area for 2 months. She received a cadaveric kidney transplant 4 years previously and was undergoing immunosuppression with prednisolone, cyclosporine and mycophenolate sodium. The microbiological diagnosis was established by isolation of Nocardia from the purulent material expressed from a granule. The strain was identified to the species level by 16S rRNA gene-targeted PCR. The closest match was with N. niigatensis. Antibiotic treatment (trimethotrim-sulfamethoxazole) was continued for 6 months and the skin lesions improved.”
“The buy Emricasan electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra of K3Cu3Fe2F15 consist above 85 K of a superposition of two Lorentzians with different intensities, T-dependences, linewidths, and g-factors. The broad line shows an antiferromagnetic (AFM) behavior and the narrow one shows a paramagneticlike behavior. The Mossbauer spectra consist at room temperature of two quadrupolar doublets and below 77 K of two magnetic sextets and one quadrupolar doublet. Below 85 K the broad line EPR disappears and the intensity of the narrow line increases nearly exponentially with decreasing temperature. The broad EPR line originates from regions with local AFM order, whereas the narrow line comes from regions without AFM order, e. g., grain boundaries. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3184347]“
“Background: Desflurane provides rapid emergence from anesthesia.

We show that vacancies can easily segregate to the GB region, whi

We show that vacancies can easily segregate to the GB region, which is attributed to special atomic configurations of the GB. We demonstrate that the maximal sliding energy barrier of the GB with a monovacancy is 2.78 J/m(2), 15% lower than that of the vacancy-free GB, suggesting that the presence of vacancy at the GB increases BAY 73-4506 solubility dmso the GB mobility. (C) 2011 American Institute of

Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3593182]“
“Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is being used increasingly in an attempt to cure many hematological disorders. Obesity has become a world wide phenomenon and is a known risk factor for numerous medical conditions, but its role in transplant outcomes remained controversial. Total of 192 patients with acute leukemia who underwent sibling HLA matched HSCT were analyzed to find the effect of pre-transplant body mass index (BMI) on transplant outcomes such as time to engraftment, infections, graft vs. host disease (GvHD), and overall survival (OS) for the period of three yr (April 2006-March 2009). There was a significant correlation between higher pre-transplant BMI and shorter FK228 cell line engraftment time (p = 0.010); but no relation between

BMI and GvHD, infection, and OS was found. The results of this study showed that patients with higher BMI may have a shorter engraftment time; but lower, although not significant, survival rate compared to non-obese patients.”
“This paper presents detailed studies on the temperature dependent photoluminescence (PL) of excited states (ES) of self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots. Two abnormal temperature dependent characteristics of ES have been observed: first is the strong broadening of PL linewidth with increasing temperature from 15 to 300 K. Second, the intensity ratio of ES to ground states (GS) increases with raising temperature under all measured excitation powers. Such peculiarities could be well explained by selleck products the thermal carrier exchange between GS and ES. Taking into account the GS-ES carrier exchange, an improved carrier equation model is adopted to describe the temperature dependence of intensity ratio of ES to GS. The temperature

dependent carrier population of ES is further discussed based on the simulation results. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3595690]“
“As many as 50% of liver transplant patients suffer gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances post-transplant. Conversion from mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) to mycophenolate sodium (EC-MPS) alleviates GI symptom burden in renal transplant recipients. We employed a validated patient and physician-reported assessment to evaluate the impact of conversion to EC-MPS in liver transplant patients. This is a prospective, longitudinal, single-center, open-label pilot study. Thirty-one MMF-treated liver transplant patients with GI symptoms were converted to equimolar EC-MPS.


“Background: To evaluate the acute hemodynamic effects of


“Background: To evaluate the acute hemodynamic effects of different right (RV) and left ventricular (LV) pacing sites in patients undergoing the implantation of a cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRT-D).

Methods: Stroke volume index (SVI), assessed via pulse contour analysis, and dp/ dt max, obtained in the abdominal aorta, were analyzed in 21 patients with New York Heart Association class III heart failure and left bundle branch block (mean

ejection fraction of 24 +/- 6%), scheduled for CRT-D implantation under general anesthesia. We compared the hemodynamic effects of RV apical (A), RV septal (B), and biventricular pacing using the worst (lowest SVI; C) and best (highest SVI; D) coronary sinus lead positions.

Results: Mean arterial pressure, SVI, and dp/dt max did not differ significantly between RV apical and septal pacing. Dp/dt max and SVI increased significantly during biventricular pacing (dp/dt max: B, 588 +/- 160 mmHg/s; C, 651 +/- NSC23766 research buy 218 mmHg/s, P = 0.03 vs B; D, 690 +/- 220 mmHg/s, P = 0.02 vs C; SVI: B, 33.6 +/- 5.5 mL/m(2), C, 34.8 +/- 6.1 mL/m(2), P = 0.08 vs B, D 36.0 +/- 6.0 mL/m(2), P < 0.001 vs C). The best hemodynamic response was associated

with lateral or inferior lead positions in 15 patients. Other LV lead positions were most effective in six patients.

Conclusions: The optimal LV lead position varies significantly among patients and should be individually determined during CRT-D implantation. The impact of the RV stimulation site in patients with intraventricular conduction delay, undergoing CRT-D implantation,

VS-6063 chemical structure has to be investigated in further studies. Z-IETD-FMK concentration (PACE 2011; 34: 1537-1543)”
“We have theoretically studied the full counting statistics of electron transport through a single-molecule magnet (SMM) with an arbitrary angle between the applied magnetic field and the SMM’s easy axis above the sequential tunneling threshold, since the angle theta cannot be controlled in present-day SMM experiments. In the absence of the small transverse anisotropy, when the coupling of the SMM with the incident-electrode is stronger than that with the outgoing-electrode, i.e., Gamma(L)/Gamma(R) >> 1, the maximum peak of shot noise first increases and then decreases with increasing h from theta to 0.5 pi. In particular, the shot noise can reach up to a super-Poissonian value from a sub-Poissonian value when considering the small transverse anisotropy. For Gamma(L)/Gamma(R) << 1, the maximum peaks of the shot noise and skewness can be reduced from a super-Poissonian to a sub-Poissonian value with increasing theta from 0 to 0.5 pi; the super-Poissonian behavior of the skewness is more sensitive to the small theta than shot noise, which is suppressed when taking into account the small transverse anisotropy. These characteristics of shot noise can be qualitatively attributed to the competition between the fast and slow transport channels.

An oversized circular waveguide

with helical-corrugations

An oversized circular waveguide

with helical-corrugations of its inner surface ensures an eigenwave with strongly frequency dependent group velocity far from cutoff. These dispersive compound screening assay properties in conjunction with high rf breakdown strength and low Ohmic losses make a helically corrugated waveguide attractive for increasing microwave peak power. The experiments performed at kilowatt power levels, demonstrate that an X-band microwave pulse of 80 ns duration with a 5% frequency sweep can be compressed into a 1.5 ns pulse having 25 times higher peak power by optimizing the frequency modulation of the input wave packet. (c) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3482024]“
“The increased applicability and excellent results with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) have revolutionized the available treatment options for patients with advanced heart failure Pre-existing valve abnor malities are common in this population and subsequent development of valve abnormalities after LVAD placement is also often noted Although native mitral

and tricuspid valve disease is more common m heart failure patients before LVAD placement, aortic valves are much more likely to generate abnormal pathophysiology in the LVAD patient during as well as after LVAD placement The Selleckchem QNZ aim of this comprehensive review is to review aortic valve function in LVAD patients and highlight the consideration of pre-existing valve disease on patient treatment at the time of LVAD implant The basis for structural changes leading to valve pathophysiology during and after LVAD placement will be described providing a basis for improved clinical understanding and new strategies to prevent these conditions J Heart Lung Transplant 2010,29 1321-9 (C) 2010 International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation All rights reserved”
“Background: The

varicella-zoster virus (VZV) vaccine strain may reactivate to cause herpes zoster. Limited data suggest that the risk of herpes zoster in vaccinated children could be lower than in children with naturally acquired varicella. We examine incidence trends, risk and epidemiologic Selleck JNK-IN-8 and clinical features of herpes zoster disease among children and adolescents by vaccination status.

Methods: Population-based active surveillance was conducted among <20 years old residents in Antelope Valley, California, from 2000 through 2006. Structured telephone interviews collected demographic, varicella vaccination and disease histories, and clinical information.

Results: From 2000 to 2006, the incidence of herpes zoster among children <10 years of age declined by 55%, from 42 cases reported in 2000 (74.8/100,000 persons; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 55.3-101.

Spherulitic samples, which contained monoclinic lamellae, were pr

Spherulitic samples, which contained monoclinic lamellae, were prepared by slow cooling of the quiescent melt at rates lower than 10 K/s and by isothermal melt crystallization at temperatures between 373 and 413 K. Nonspherulitic specimens, which contained nonlamellar mesomorphic domains, in contrast, were obtained by rapid cooling of the melt with rates faster than 100 K/s. The crystallinity and the size of crystals were furthermore fine-tuned by subsequent annealing at elevated temperatures. Analysis of such films of different structure by ultraviolet visible spectroscopy revealed that the light transmission was independent of (1) the fraction, (2) the internal structure,

and (3) the size of the crystals. In contrast, the light transmission increased

with decreasing size of spherulites and finally exceeded 90% in films of 100 mu m thickness when spherulites Ferroptosis inhibitor were completely absent. The crystallinity and the structure and size of the crystals of the films of isotactic polypropylene could be adjusted within wide limits without affecting the light transmission. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 117: 1013-1020, 2010″
“Zinc oxide (ZnO) is semiconductor with a wide band gap of 3.4 eV. It continues to gain more attention not only for MEK162 solubility dmso its versatile use in industry but also its potential for further application in electronics, optics, spintronics, and transparent circuits. Many of these applications require p-type ZnO. Nitrogen substituting for oxygen is a possible acceptor for such applications. In this paper, we

report a study of nitrogen-hydrogen (N-H) complexes grown into single-crystal ZnO, using seeded chemical vapor transport in an ammonia ambient. An infrared (IR) absorption peak arising from N-H complexes was observed at 3150.6 cm(-1) at liquid-helium temperatures. The assignment of this peak was confirmed by nitrogen and hydrogen isotope substitution. LDN-193189 price Polarized IR spectroscopy shows that the N-H dipole is oriented at an angle similar to 114 degrees to the c axis, in agreement with previous first-principles calculations. To probe the stability of the N-H complexes, samples were annealed in air, oxygen, and argon. Samples annealed in oxygen at 725 degrees C showed a significant increase in resistivity, due to outdiffusion of hydrogen and compensation by nitrogen acceptors. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3443457]“
“Aspects of network formation and the physical properties of stoichiometric amine-cured epoxy resins are investigated. The state of network formation is systematically controlled by using isothermal cure conditions and a linear temperature ramp condition. Affine deformation in compression at a constant true strain rate is used to measure the true stress-strain response from small strains to large strains.

The tool was shown to be most beneficial at excluding infection a

The tool was shown to be most beneficial at excluding infection at a threshold score of 1 (negative predictive value [NPV] 89%, [95% confidence interval 78-96%], sensitivity 85% [70-94%], specificity 35% [27-43%]), compared with a score of 2 (NPV 85% [76-91%], sensitivity 63% [46-77%], specificity 57% [48-65%]) at a prevalence of 22%. The tool’s ability to diagnose infection was limited (positive predictive

value 27% and 29% at thresholds 1 and 2). The sensitivity of IF compared with PCR was 45% for the 7 viruses common to both, and 23% for the extended virus panel detected by PCR. An algorithm incorporating CS, paired NTS collection at a threshold STA-9090 of 1 symptom or sign, and sensitive testing including

PCR can guide infection control measures in hospitalized hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.”
“Background: There are only 4 unequivocal cases of metastasizing middle ear carcinoid previously reported.

Objective: To present a case of metastasizing middle ear carcinoid, to review previously reported cases, and to discuss the clinical nature of this tumor, which see more is similar to “”orthotopic”" carcinoids bearing definite metastatic potential.

Study Design: Case report.

Patient, Intervention, Results: We present a 72-year-old woman who developed ipsilateral parotid gland and cervical lymph node metastases 8 and 11 months after surgical removal of a primary middle ear lesion. She subsequently required 2 revision procedures and radiotherapy for local recurrences. Her case was complicated by nonsurgically induced permanent facial nerve paralysis, the cause of which remains obscure. At the end of the 8-year follow-up, the patient was alive with locally, recurrent tumor eroding the cranial base and invading the posterior intracranial fossa but with no

signs of metastases.

Main Outcome Measures: Light microscopy and immunohistochemical analysis.

Conclusion: Considering the find more reported high rate of recurrence and their consequent metastases, a middle ear carcinoid should be classified as a neuroendocrine low-grade carcinoma.”
“Purpose: To investigate the combined effect of Carica papaya extract and mineral elements wound healing.

Methods: Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and water extracts of unripe Carica papaya. papaya were analyzed for mineral element composition (Ca, calcium; Mg, magnesium; Na, sodium; Fe, iron; Mn, manganese; Zn, zinc; Ag, silver; and Se, selenium) using a microwave-assisted digestion procedure. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry was used for the analysis of the elements. Phytochemical analysis was conducted using standard protocols. Mice weighing 25 – 30 g were anesthetized, shaved and inflicted with wound at the dorsal region using a biopsy punch. The mice were treated topically twice daily with or without 5 mg/ml PBS or water extracts containing 100 or 200 mu M Zn2+ or 1.0 or 0.5 mu g/g Se2+.

High purity organic crystals generally interact weakly with micro

High purity organic crystals generally interact weakly with microwave energy. Therefore, the addition

of electromagnetically www.selleckchem.com/products/AZD8055.html absorbing inclusions of silicon carbide provides a tractable system for the study of hot-spot ignition phenomena. Previously, we developed a simple analytic model that illuminates the important physical factors. In this work, we verify the relationships of the analytic model using a series of experiments and a numerical model. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3606409]“
“PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy of high-frequency ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in improving the accuracy of phakic intraocular lens (pIOL) sizing by increasing the incidence of acceptable postoperative vault.

SETTING: Multiple private practices, United States.

DESIGN: Evaluation of diagnostic test or technology.

METHODS: This prospective multicenter clinical study evaluated eyes having pIOL (Visian Implantable Col lamer Lens) implantation. A retrospective data analysis was performed using UBM measurements (VuMax-II)

of preoperative sulcus-to-sulcus (STS) distance and postoperative vault. The regression data and clinical input from investigators were then used buy CA4P to develop a pIOL sizing nomogram. The nomogram used only STS and pIOL power as variables to determine length. Inadequate vault (<90 mu m) and Selleck Kinase Inhibitor Library excessive vault (>1000 mu m) were defined based on peer-reviewed literature. Sizing recommendations using the nomogram were studied prospectively and compared with 2 sizing methods used in the United States that are based on white-to-white (WTW) measurements.

RESULTS: One eye was excluded from the analysis because the wrong length pIOL was placed (12.6 mm instead of nomogram-recommended 13.2 mm), resulting in 51 mu m of vault. The mean postoperative vault in the remaining 72 cases was 340 mu m +/- 174 (SD) (range 90 to 952 pm); there were no cases of inadequate

or excessive vault with the newly developed UBM nomogram. Sizing methods using WTW measurements would have resulted in different-sized pIOLs in 36% to 69% of cases compared with the STS method.

CONCLUSION: There were no cases of inadequate or excessive vault when the UBM nomogram for pIOL sizing was used.”
“Studies on the nonlinear viscoelastic behaviors of nylon1212 toughened with styrene-[ethylene-(ethylene- propylene)]-styrene block copolymer (SEEPS) were carried out. The linear relaxation curves at relatively low shear strains show good overlap, the relaxation time and modulus corresponding to the characteristic relaxation modes were also acquired through simulating the linear relaxation modulus curves using Maxwell model. The nonlinear relaxation curves of nylon1212 blends at different shear strains have been obtained and their damping functions were evaluated.

The evolution of protocols for transplanting sensitized patients

The evolution of protocols for transplanting sensitized patients has been desensitization (DES), paired donation, and most recently, paired donation combined with DES. Use of these protocols has revealed various factors that influence which route is the most likely to work for a given patient.

Recent findings

The data indicate that patient blood type and HLA sensitization have the dominant influence on what route is best for a patient but BAY 63-2521 numerous other factors, particularly the number, HLA type, and ABO type of donors a patient brings to a program will also affect the

likelihood of transplantation. The distribution of these factors among patients transplanted or unable to find a compatible donor can be used to calculate the probability of transplantation via paired donation.

Summary

Kidney paired donation with or without DES provides benefits that cannot be achieved with DES alone. However, DES may provide the fastest route to transplantation.”
“Background-Recent studies in mice have established that an endothelial cell

protein, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high-density lipoprotein-binding protein 1 (GPIHBP1), is essential for the lipolytic processing of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins.

Methods and Results-We report the discovery of a homozygous missense mutation in GPIHBP1 in a young boy with severe chylomicronemia. The mutation, p.C65Y, replaces a conserved cysteine in the GPIHBP1 lymphocyte antigen 6 domain with a tyrosine and is predicted to perturb protein structure by interfering with the formation of a disulfide bond. Studies Cilengitide with transfected Chinese

hamster ovary cells showed that GPIHBP1-C65Y reaches the cell surface but has lost the ability to bind lipoprotein lipase (LPL). When the GPIHBP1-C65Y homozygote was given an intravenous bolus of heparin, only trace amounts of LPL entered the plasma. learn more We also observed very low levels of LPL in the postheparin plasma of a subject with chylomicronemia who was homozygous for a different GPIHBP1 mutation (p.Q115P). When the GPIHBP1-Q115P homozygote was given a 6-hour infusion of heparin, a significant amount of LPL appeared in the plasma, resulting in a fall in the plasma triglyceride levels from 1780 to 120 mg/dL.

Conclusions-We identified a novel GPIHBP1 missense mutation (p.C65Y) associated with defective LPL binding in a young boy with severe chylomicronemia. We also show that homozygosity for the C65Y or Q115P mutations is associated with low levels of LPL in the postheparin plasma, demonstrating that GPIHBP1 is important for plasma triglyceride metabolism in humans. ( Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 2010; 3: 169-178.)”
“Purpose of review

Humoral responses beyond major histocompatibility antigens receive an increased attention of the transplantation community.