Men who were taking oral or inhaled corticosteroids had lower BMD at the spine and E1 Activating inhibitor hip, a difference between 0.02 to 0.05 g/cm2 (Table 2).
Adjustment for self-reported health, alcohol, calcium supplement, physical activity, coronary artery disease, stroke, and diabetes did not change the results. Table 2 Age-adjusted and multivariate-adjusteda mean (95% CI) bone mineral density by COPD or asthma and steroid status No COPD or asthma (N = 4,827) COPD or asthma, no steroids (N = 434) COPD or asthma, oral steroids (N = 103) COPD or asthma, inhaled steroids (N = 177) p trend Total spine (g/cm2) Age-adjusted 1.08 (1.07–1.08) 1.05 (1.04–1.07)* 1.02 (1.00–1.06)* 1.02 (1.00–1.05)* <0.0001 Model 1a 1.08 (1.07–1.08) 1.05 (1.03–1.07)* 1.03 (0.99–1.06)* 1.03 (1.00–1.06)* <0.0001 Model 2b 1.08 (1.07–1.08) 1.05 (1.04–1.07)* 1.03 (0.99–1.06)* 1.03 (1.01–1.06)* <0.0001 Total hip (g/cm2) Age-adjusted 0.96 (0.96–0.97) 0.94 (0.93–0.96)* 0.92 (0.90–0.95)* 0.93 (0.91–0.95)* <0.0001 Model 1a 0.96 (0.96–0.97) 0.94 (0.93–0.96)* 0.92 (0.90–0.95)* 0.94 (0.92–0.96)* 0.0001 Model 2b 0.96 (0.96–0.96) 0.95 (0.94–0.96)* 0.93 (0.90–0.95)* 0.94 (0.92–0.96) 0.0019 Femoral neck (g/cm2) Age-adjusted
0.79 (0.78–0.79) 0.77 (0.76–0.79)* 0.77 (0.74–0.79) 0.76 (0.74–0.78)* 0.0006 Model 1a 0.79 (0.78–0.79) 0.77 (0.76–0.79)* 0.77 (0.75–0.79) 0.77 (0.75–0.79) 0.004 Model 2b 0.79 (0.78–0.79) p38 inhibitors clinical trials 0.78 (0.77–0.79) 0.77 (0.75–0.80) 0.77 (0.76–0.79) 0.03 aAdjusted for age, clinic, BMI, and smoking bAdjusted for age, clinic, BMI, smoking, self-reported health, alcohol (drinks per week), calcium, PASE score, coronary artery disease, stroke, and diabetes * p value < 0.05 compared to no COPD or asthma group Men with COPD or asthma not prescribed corticosteroids
did not have an increased risk of osteoporosis at the hip, femoral neck, or spine after adjusting for confounders. However, men prescribed oral or inhaled corticosteroids had a 2-fold increased odds of osteoporosis at the spine in age-adjusted models (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.15–3.93 for oral steroids; OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.27–3.31 for inhaled steroids). Additional Depsipeptide datasheet adjustment for confounders attenuated the results, but oral steroid users still had a 91% increased risk of osteoporosis at the spine (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.02–3.58), and inhaled steroid user had a 71% increased risk of osteoporosis at the spine (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.04–2.81). Osteoporosis risk at the total hip and femoral neck were not statistically significant after multivariate adjustment (Table 3). Table 3 Likelihood of osteoporosis by chronic lung disease status No COPD or asthma (N = 4827) COPD or asthma, no steroids (N = 434) COPD or asthma, oral steroids (N = 103) COPD or asthma, inhaled steroids (N = 177) Total spine (g/cm2)a Age-adjusted 1.0 (RG7112 in vivo referent) 0.99 (0.65–1.50) 2.13 (1.15–3.93) 2.05 (1.27–3.31) Model 1c 1.0 (referent) 0.99 (0.65–1.52) 2.11 (1.14–3.92) 1.93 (1.19–3.15) Model 2d 1.0 (referent) 0.93 (0.61–1.