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deletions in the chromosome of Corynebacterium glutamicum . Gene 1994, 145:69–73.PubMedCrossRef Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Authors’ contributions RS carried out the experiments and data analyses, and wrote the manuscript. KC participated in the sample preparation and preliminary examination. YS carried out RNA-sequencing. IO and SN participated in the design and coordination of the study. TF designed the experiments and participated in the data processing and manuscript preparation. All authors read and approved the manuscript.”
“Background The best-studied asymmetrically dividing prokaryote is the alphaproteobacterium Caulobacter crescentus. At each cell division, predivisional cells of C. crescentus localize different structures at the cell poles: a single flagellum see more occupies the pole that will be inherited Palmatine by the swarmer cell and pili are synthesized at this pole after division, whereas a narrow extension of the cell envelope (the stalk) tipped by an adhesive structure (the holdfast) occupies the opposite pole that

will give rise to the stalked cell. The stalked cell is able to restart the cell cycle immediately after division, whereas the swarmer cell is unable to initiate DNA replication until it differentiates into a stalked cell. The C. crescentus cell cycle and developmental program are controlled by three master regulators: CtrA, GcrA, and DnaA (for review, see [1]). These proteins are regulated such that each one reaches maximal abundance during a different stage of the cell cycle. DnaA reaches peak abundance at initiation of DNA replication occurring in stalked cells, GcrA peaks after DNA replication in early predivisional cells, and CtrA peaks in late predivisional and swarmer stages [2]. All three proteins are required for regulating transcription of different suites of genes. DnaA activates genes involved in chromosome partitioning, nucleotide biosynthesis, and DNA replication, recombination and repair [3], and initiates replication of the chromosome. DnaA is also required for transcription of gcrA[3].