Fiber modulus decreased by 34% following yield. Conclusions.
Data in this study demonstrated that yielding of intervertebral disc fibers occurs relatively early in the mechanical response of the tissues and that stiffness is considerably decreased following yield. Therefore, yielding of annular fibers may result in decreased segmental stability, contributing to accelerated degeneration of bony components and possible idiopathic pain.”
“Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a pivotal role in neointima hyperplasia after balloon injury. Molecular hydrogen has emerged as a novel antioxidant and has been proven effective in treating many diseases.\n\nObjectives: We aimed to determine the mechanism by which hydrogen affects neointima formation.\n\nMethods: We assessed the influence of a hydrogen-rich saline solution (HRSS) by daily injection selleck products in rats. Rats were euthanized BAY 63-2521 order to
evaluate the neointima. ROS, malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH), were detected in the injured artery. Macrophage infiltration and the production of inflammatory factors (i.e., IL-6, TNF-alpha and NF-kappa B) were also observed. The in vitro effects of hydrogen on vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation were also measured.\n\nResults: HRSS decreased the neointima area significantly. The neointima/media ratio was also selleckchem reduced by HRSS. There was a decline in the number of PCNA-positive cells in the intima treated with HRSS. Meanwhile, HRSS ameliorated the ROS and MDA levels and increased SOD, reduced GSH levels in the injured carotid. In addition, the levels of inflammatory
factors, such as IL-6, TNF-alpha and NF-kappa B p65, were attenuated by HRSS. In vitro studies also confirmed the anti-proliferative capability of the hydrogen solution and ROS generation in VSMCs induced by PDGF-BB.\n\nConclusion: HRSS may have a protective role in the prevention of neointima hyperplasia and restenosis after angioplasty. HRSS may partially exert its role by neutralizing the local ROS and suppressing the TNF-alpha/NF-kappa B pathway. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Objectives Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from post-natal tissues offer a suitable source of MSCs for cellular therapy. Limitation of the use of MSCs for therapeutic purposes is attributed to the onset of senescence and slowing down of proliferation upon repeated passaging. Dhanwantram kashaya (DK), a synthetic herbal formulation, is widely used in Ayurvedic medicine as a growth stimulant in children and for nerve regeneration. In this study, we evaluated the effects of DK on the proliferation, viability and senescence of human Wharton jelly MSCs (WJMSCs) in vitro.