In humans, caliciviruses are a major cause of acute gastroenteritis, while in animals respiratory illness, conjunctivitis, stomatitis, and hemorrhagic disease are documented. Investigation of virus-host interactions is limited by a lack of
culture systems for many viruses in this family. Feline calicivirus (FCV), a member of the Vesivirus genus, provides a tractable model, since it may be propagated in cell culture. Feline junctional adhesion molecule 1 (fJAM-1) was recently identified as a functional receptor for FCV. We have analyzed the structure of this virus-receptor complex by cryo-electron microscopy and three-dimensional image Gemcitabine reconstruction, combined with fitting of homology modeled high-resolution coordinates. We show that domain 1 of fJAM-1 binds to the outer face of the P2 domain of the FCV capsid protein VP1, inducing conformational changes in the viral capsid. This study provides the first structural view of a native calicivirus-protein receptor complex and insights into the mechanisms of
virus attachment and uncoating.”
“OBJECTIVE: For certain brainstem lesions, a diagnostic biopsy is required for treatment C59 wnt clinical trial planning. We reviewed the indications, safety, and diagnostic effectiveness of a transcerebellar stereotactic biopsy using local anesthesia and sedation.
METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed hospital records for all adult patients with symptomatic lesions of the pons and/or cerebellar peduncle who underwent an awake transcerebellar stereotactic biopsy at our institution over a 7-year period. Our technique features several modifications from the standard method and was performed under local anesthesia with patients in the semi-sitting position.
RESULTS: Our rate of diagnostic success (92%) was comparable to those in other published reports. However, only 5 (42%) of 12 biopsy-derived diagnoses were consistent most with those predicted from preoperative magnetic
resonance imaging. There were no deaths, and the only neurological complication was a cranial nerve palsy. Diagnoses in the 13 cases included infiltrative glioma (4), metastases (3), lymphoma (2), encephalitis (1), and reactive astrogliosis (1).
CONCLUSION: Tissue diagnosis of lesions in the brainstem and cerebellar peduncles continues to be a significant challenge, with the potential for major morbidity. With appropriate patient selection, however, awake transcerebellar biopsy is a safe and effective procedure that can change clinical management and provide important prognostic information.”
“Human parainfluenza virus type 1 (HPIV1) is a significant cause of pediatric respiratory disease in the upper and lower airways.