This was achieved by an AAV-mediated, long-term increase in FAO. These results point towards CPT1A as a new potential therapeutic target against obesity-induced disorders. We thank Gloria Gonzãlez-Aseguinolaza for the supplying EalbAATp promoter, Olga Jãuregui and Eli Bermudo from the Scientific-Technical Services of the University of Barcelona for their technical assistance in the HPLC/MS analysis,

and Robin Rycroft of the Language Service for valuable assistance in the preparation of the English manuscript. Additional supporting information may Autophagy Compound Library clinical trial be found in the online version of this article. “
“Aim:  Alcohol consumption increases the risk of liver cancer. However, there is still controversy regarding alcohol consumption and the risk of extrahepatic bile system cancer (EBSC). We performed a meta-analysis to provide an overview of the relevant studies and gain more robust estimates of the relationship between alcohol consumption and risk of EBSC. Methods:  Relevant studies published between January 1966 and October 2010 were identified by searching Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library. Studies were selected using a priori defined criteria. The strength

of the relationship between alcohol consumption and risk of EBSC was assessed by adjusted odds ratio (OR). Results:  A total of 113 767 participants from 10 studies (nine case–control studies and one cohort study) were identified in this meta-analysis. The studies provided adjusted overall OR estimates for drinkers AMPK inhibitor versus non-/low drinkers, leading to a pooled adjusted OR of learn more 0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.72–0.94, P for heterogeneity = 0.194, I2 = 27.2%). The overall adjusted OR of hospital-based studies and population-based

studies were 0.80 (95% CI = 0.65–0.99, P = 0.260) and 0.79 (95% CI = 0.64–0.98, P = 0.119), respectively. For the heavy drinkers, the adjusted OR significance increased to 1.58 (95% CI = 0.97–2.57, P for heterogeneity = 0.055, I2 = 65.4%), but it had no statistical significance. Conclusion:  There is evidence that moderate alcohol consumption lowers the risk of EBSC compared with non-/low alcohol consumption, but not heavy alcohol consumption. Further multicenter and better controlled studies are required to confirm these findings. “
“Sorafenib improves overall survival (OS) of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the absence of objective response. Thus, time to tumor progression (TTP) is used to capture benefits of novel molecular agents, but proof of its surrogacy with survival is lacking. Furthermore, survival predictors upon progression are not established and there is a need to characterize postprogression survival (PPS) and assess with time-dependent covariates analysis if it is influenced by progression pattern, and not solely by simultaneous impairment of liver function and performance status. We prospectively followed HCC patients treated with sorafenib.