Though, it’s not clear if the total amount of protein intake per day (g/Kg) is adequate to the physiological needs of the gym users, as the SU seem to have high protein intakes while the NSU a noticeably lower percentage. www.selleckchem.com/products/fosbretabulin-disodium-combretastatin-a-4-phosphate-disodium-ca4p-disodium.html dietary supplement industries might be interested in these research results and might invest in order to understand why this nutritional behaviour is occurring in suburban females.

Further investigations are required to gain a more in-depth understanding of Salubrinal datasheet protein supplementation. Acknowledgements We are grateful to CONI Sicilia (National Olympic Committee). We also want to thank the participants and the fitness/gym centres managers. We are in debts with Prof. Giovanni Caramazza (CONI Sicilia President). We are also grateful to Mr. Ryan 5-Fluoracil Osborn (Erasmus Student from Greenwich University) for his invaluable manuscript syntax and grammar corrections. Electronic supplementary material Additional file 1: Protein Project questionnaire adopted by Bianco et al. 2014. (PDF 449 KB) References 1. Aljaloud SO,

Ibrahim SA: Use of Dietary Supplements among Professional Athletes in Saudi Arabia. J Nutr Metab 2013, 2013:245349.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef 2. Wolfe RR: Protein supplements and exercise. Am J Clin Nutr 2000, 72:551S-557S.PubMed 3. Sundell J, Hulmi J, Rossi J: [Whey protein and creatine as nutritional supplements]. Duodecim; laaketieteellinen aikakauskirja 2011, 127:700–705.PubMed 4. Kaufman DW, Kelly JP, Rosenberg L, Anderson TE, Mitchell AA: Recent patterns of medication use in the ambulatory adult population of the United States: the Slone survey. JAMA 2002, 287:337–344.PubMedCrossRef 5. Morrison LJ, Gizis F, Shorter B: Prevalent use of dietary supplements among people who exercise at a commercial gym. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2004, 14:481–492.PubMed 6. Scofield DE, Unruh S: Dietary supplement use among adolescent athletes in central Nebraska and their sources of information. J Strength Cond Res 2006, 20:452–455.PubMed 7. Bailey RL, Gahche JJ, Miller PE, Thomas PR, Dwyer JT: Why US adults use dietary supplements. JAMA 2013, 173:355–361. 8.

Applegate E: Effective nutritional ergogenic aids. Int J Sport Nutr 1999, 9:229–239.PubMed 9. Dodge JR, Ford MA, Perko Epothilone B (EPO906, Patupilone) MA: From ephedra to creatine: Using theory to respond to dietary supplement use in young athletes. Am J Health Stud 2003, 18:111. 10. Lyle BJ, Mares-Perlman JA, Klein BE, Klein R, Greger JL: Supplement users differ from nonusers in demographic, lifestyle, dietary and health characteristics. J Nutr 1998, 128:2355–2362.PubMed 11. Molinero O, Marquez S: Use of nutritional supplements in sports: risks, knowledge, and behavioural-related factors. Nutr Hosp 2009, 24:128–134.PubMed 12. Eliason BC, Kruger J, Mark D, Rasmann DN: Dietary supplement users: demographics, product use, and medical system interaction. J Am Board Fam Pract 1997, 10:265–271.