Thus, the less severe categorizations of acute

kidney injury per RIFLE classification may not truly reflect the adverse impact on elderly patients. Kidney International (2012) 82, 920-927; doi:10.1038/ki.2012.237; published online 4 July 2012″
“Objective. Anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are marked by longitudinal symptom fluctuations. DSM-IV-TR does not address how to classify eating disorder (ED) presentations in individuals who no longer meet full criteria for these disorders. To consider this Z-DEVD-FMK concentration issue, we examined subthreshold presentations in women with initial diagnoses of AN and BN.

Method. A total of 246 women with AN or BN were followed for a median of 9 years; weekly symptom click here data were collected at frequent intervals using the Longitudinal Interval Follow-up Evaluation of Eating Disorders (LIFE-EAT-II). Outcomes were ED presentations that were subthreshold for >= 3 months, including those narrowly missing full criteria for AN or BN, along with binge eating disorder (BED) and purging disorder.

Results. During follow-up, most women (77.6%) experienced a subthreshold presentation. Subthreshold presentation was related to intake diagnosis (Wald chi(2)=8.065, df=2, p=0.018). Individuals

with AN most often developed subthreshold presentations resembling AN; those with BN were more likely to develop subthreshold BN. Purging disorder was experienced by half of those with BN and one-quarter of those with AN binge/purge type (ANBP); BED occurred in 20% with BN. Transition from AN or BN to most subthreshold types was associated with improved psychosocial functioning (p<0.001).

Conclusions. Subthreshold presentations in women with lifetime AN and BN were common, resembled the initial diagnosis, and were associated with modest improvements in psychosocial functioning. For Selleckchem C188-9 most with lifetime AN and BN, subthreshold presentations seem to represent part of the course of illness and to fit within the original AN or BN diagnosis.”
“The role of resident renal mononuclear phagocytes in acute kidney injury is controversial with experimental data suggesting

both deleterious and protective functions. To help resolve this, we used mice transgenic for the human diphtheria toxin receptor under the control of the CD11b promoter and treated them with diphtheria toxin, or liposomal clodronate, or both to deplete monocyte/mononuclear phagocytes prior to renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Although either system effectively depleted circulating monocytes and resident mononuclear phagocytes, depletion was most marked in diphtheria toxin-treated mice. Despite this, diphtheria toxin treatment did not protect from renal ischemia. In contrast, mice treated with clodronate exhibited reduced renal failure and acute tubular necrosis, suggesting key differences between these depletion strategies.