A better understanding of inflammation and ECM remodeling in card

A better understanding of inflammation and ECM remodeling in cardiac diseases may lead to novel treatment approaches. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Background and aims: Azuki beans (Vigna angularis) contain polyphenols such as proanthocyanidins that exhibit Go6983 clinical trial potential radical scavenging activities. We herein investigated the effects

of polyphenol-containing azuki bean extract (ABE) on elevated blood pressure, nitric oxide (NO) production, and expressions of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), inducible NOS (iNOS), and caveolin-1 proteins in the aorta and kidney of chronically hypertensive rats.

Methods and results: Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs/lzm) with approximately 200 mm Hg systolic blood pressure (SBP) were randomly divided into 2 groups fed either 0% or 0.9% ABE-containing diet. Age-matched normotensive selleck screening library Wistar-Kyoto rats were used as the control. The content of 24-h urinary nitrate/nitrite (NOx) excretion was measured to evaluate NO production. After 8 weeks of treatment, the eNOS, iNOS, and caveolin-1 protein expressions in the aorta and kidney were analyzed by western blotting. The SBP of the ABE-treated SHR was significantly lower than that of the untreated SHR.

The level of 24-h urinary NOx excretion was significantly higher in the ABE-treated SHR than in the untreated SHR. The eNOS and iNOS expressions in the aorta and kidney were remarkably upregulated in the untreated SHR but suppressed in the ABE-treated SHR. The vascular and renal. caveolin-1 expressions were upregulated

in the ABE-treated SHR.

Conclusions: ABE reduced the elevated blood pressure and increased NO production in long-term treatment. It may be associated with the modulation of eNOS and iNOS protein expressions in the aorta and kidney during the development of hypertension. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Study Design. Prospective, open-label, randomized, parallel-group study at 80 centers.

Objective. To demonstrate there is no clinically important additional risk for deep vein thrombosis with perioperative use of epoetin alfa versus standard of care in spine surgery without prophylactic anticoagulation.

Summary of Background Data. Trials of epoetin alfa in orthopedic surgery that demonstrated no additional risk of thrombovascular events included perioperative pharmacologic anticoagulation.

Methods. Wortmannin Subjects received epoetin alfa 600 U/kg subcutaneously once weekly starting 3 weeks before spinal surgery plus standard of care for blood conservation, or standard of care alone. Perioperative anticoagulation therapy was not permitted; mechanical deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis was allowed. Doppler imaging for deep vein thrombosis was done on postoperative day 4 (or day of discharge), or for suspected deep vein thrombosis. Deep vein thrombosis was diagnosed by Doppler result or adverse event report. The criterion for no additional risk of deep vein thrombosis was a 1-sided 97.

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