Taken together, these results implied that HL-CMS line rice seedlings and those of its corresponding maintainer have different proportion of Rh-123 staining mitochondria populations, which may be accounted for by ROS contents on the basis of ATPase activity and ATP contents.”
“Purpose: Urinary incontinence can be a significant complication of radical prostatectomy. It can be treated with post-prostatectomy surgical procedures. The long-term rate of patients who undergo these surgeries, including artificial urinary sphincter or urethral sling insertion,

is not well described. We examined the long-term SB202190 in vitro rate of post-prostatectomy incontinence surgery and factors influencing it.

Materials and Methods: We performed a population based study of 25,346 men who underwent radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer in Ontario, Canada between 1993 and 2006. We used hospital and cancer registry administrative data to identify patients from this cohort who were later treated with surgery for urinary incontinence.

Results: Of the 25,346 patients 703 (2.8%) underwent artificial urinary sphincter insertion and 282 (1.1%) underwent urethral sling placement a median

of 2.9 years after prostatectomy. The probability of an artificial urinary sphincter/sling procedure increased with time from prostatectomy. Cumulative 5, 10 and 15-year Kaplan-Meier rates of an artificial urinary sphincter/sling procedure were 2.6% (95% CI 2.4-2.8), 3.8% (95% CI 3.6-4.1) and 4.8% (95% LDN-193189 concentration CI 4.4-5.3), respectively. Factors predicting surgery for incontinence were patient age at radical prostatectomy

(HR 1.24 per decade, 95% CI 1.11-1.38, p = 0.0002), radiotherapy after surgery (HR 1.61, 95% CI 1.36-1.90, p < 0.0001) and surgeon volume (49 or greater prostatectomies per year) (HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.46-0.77, p < 0.0001).

Conclusions: Of patients who undergo radical prostatectomy 5% are expected to be treated with surgery for urinary incontinence during a 15-year period. Increasing patient age, radiation treatment and low surgeon volume are associated with significantly higher risk.”
“Oligodendrocytes are important for not only nerve conduction but also central nervous system (CNS) development and neuronal survival SCH772984 price in a variety of conditions. Kallikrein-related peptidase 6 (KLK6) is expressed in oligodendrocytes in the CNS and its expression is changed in several physiological and pathological conditions, especially following spinal cord injury (SCI) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. In this study, we investigated the functions of KLK6 in oligodendrocyte lineage cell development and the production of myelin proteins using KLK6-deficient (KLK6(-/-)) mice. KLK6(-/-) mice were born without apparent defects and lived as long as wild-type (WT) mice.

Methods: We reviewed the outcomes of 450 patients who underwent redo mitral valve surgery via a right thoracotomy from 1996 to 2011 at the University of Michigan. Of these, 134 patients underwent redo mitral valve surgery with ventricular fibrillation, and 316 patients underwent beating heart surgery. Although operative eras were consecutive, patients’ age, risk factors, New York Heart Association, and preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction were not significantly different. Core temperature on cardiopulmonary bypass buy GDC-0449 for beating heart surgery was 32 degrees C versus 26 degrees C for ventricular

fibrillation.

Results: Patients undergoing beating heart surgery had shorter periods of cardiopulmonary bypass: 81 +/- 9 minutes versus 113 +/- 36 minutes. Beating heart surgery required less blood products than ventricular fibrillation: 1.65 +/- 2 units versus 3.8 +/- 5 units packed red blood cells, 0.6 +/- CUDC-907 cost 1.2 units versus 1.8 +/- 4 units fresh-frozen plasma, and 1.02 +/- 4 versus 7.5 +/- 17 platelet packs (all P < .01). Conversely, patients receiving ventricular fibrillation required longer postoperative ventilation: 34 +/- 101 hours versus 15.5 +/- 27 hours (P < .01). The 30-day mortality was similar for both (6.5% for beating heart and 7.4% for ventricular fibrillation), and postoperative length of stay

was the same at 7 days. Stroke rate was 2.6% for patients undergoing beating heart surgery and 3% for patients receiving ventricular fibrillation. Significant operative complications were uncommon; there was no catastrophic hemorrhage, and only 2 patients receiving ventricular fibrillation and 2 patients undergoing beating heart surgery required reexploration.

Conclusions: As reoperative cardiac surgery

continues to increase, techniques that safely facilitate operation while improving outcome should be adopted. As an operative alternative, redo right thoracotomy mitral valve surgery on the beating heart is associated with shorter bypass time, less transfusion requirements, shorter postoperative ventilation, and lower mortality. This safe and effective approach should be considered for this complex operation. (J BAY 11-7082 manufacturer Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2012;144:334-9)”
“Although abductor pollicis brevis (APB) and flexor pollicis longus (FPL) share a common peripheral nerve supply, these muscles subserve different functions and may be differently affected in neurode-generative disease such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). As a consequence, differences in cortical excitability may potentially develop in relation to these functional differences. Cortical excitability was assessed using the threshold tracking transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) technique in 15 healthy controls with motor responses recorded over the APB and FPL using surface electrode recordings.

Following kaolin injection, the ventricles of 3- to 4-day, 7- to 9-day, and 12- to 15-day hydrocephalic rats progressively enlarged, the dorsal cerebrum thickness decreased by >40%, and cortical blood flow decreased by similar to 20%. After 3 to 4 days, intracranial pressure and intraparenchymal pulse pressure increased significantly by similar to 85%, and diminished thereafter. After 7 to 9 days, there was a transient significant increase of the intracranial stiffness LCL161 (indentation modulus). Viscoelastic strain during application of a constant force significantly increased by >50% at 7 to 9 and 12 to 15 days.

CONCLUSION: The observation that very small forces

applied

exogenously or endogenously (through pulsatile brain micromotions) cause progressive intracranial deformation suggests that the brain behaves in a poroviscoelastic manner. Intracranial pulsatility is increased during the early phases of ventriculomegaly. Small viscoelastic property changes of the intracranial contents accompany the ventriculomegaly. Consolidation of brain tissue by the pulsatile forces likely occurs through displacement of intraparenchymal fluids.”
“Urinary proteomic profiling has potential to identify candidate biomarkers of renal injury in infants provided an adequate urine sample can be obtained. Although diapers are used to obtain urine for clinical evaluation, their use for proteomic all analysis has not been investigated. We therefore performed feasibility studies on the use of diaper-extracted urine for 2-D PAGE. Pediatric waste Dorsomorphin nmr urine (2-20 mL) was applied to gel-containing,

non-gel and cotton-gauze diapers and then mechanically expressed. Urine volume and total protein were measured pre- and post-extraction. Proteins were separated via 2-D PAGE following application of urine (20-40 mL) to each matrix. 2-D PAGE was also performed on clinical specimens collected using each diaper type. Differences in the adsorption and retention of urine volume and protein were noted between matrices. Non-gel and cotton-gauze diapers provided the best protein/volume recovery and the lowest interference with the Bradford assay. 2-D PAGE was also successfully completed using urine samples from both cotton fiber matrices. Conversely, samples from low-gel diapers demonstrated poor protein separation and reproducibility. Diapers containing cotton-fiber matrices appear adequate for 2-D PAGE. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of resolved proteins using replicate, high-resolution gels will be required, however, before diaper-extracted urine can be applied in proteomic profiling.”
“Objective: It is controversial whether lung regeneration contributes to compensatory lung growth after pulmonary resection in mature individuals.

ternata. It showed a broad antagonistic spectrum against 23 tested bacterial and fungal phytopathogens, which were distributed in 14 genus and 17 species. However, it inhibited only two of the seven bacterial nonpathogens. Phenotypic characterizations showed that the antagonist pY11T-3-1 was similar to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Its major fatty acids were 18:1 w7c this website (22 center dot 17%), 16:0 (20 center dot 21%), 12:0 2OH (12 center dot 45%), 16:1w7c/15 iso2OH (10 center dot 95%) and 10:0 3OH (10 center dot 79%), which is a different profile from that of

Ps. aeruginosa. The 16S rRNA and gyr B gene sequences shared 100 and 99% similarity with Ps. aeruginosa, respectively. The phylogenetic trees showed that it was clustered with Ps. aeruginosa.

Conclusions:

The antagonist pY11T-3-1 was characterized as Ps. aeruginosa with a unique fatty acid profile.

Significance and Impact of the Study:

With broad antagonistic spectrum and host selectivity, the antagonist pY11T-3-1 may provide a more environmental and economical alternative to the control of soil-borne disease on P. ternata, which needs further

investigation.”
“The 7-repeats variant of the dopamine D4 receptor (7R) VNTR polymorphism has been associated with higher novelty seeking (NS) and disadvantageous decision making in the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). Season of Birth (SOB) is a significant determinant of NS. SOB and L-DRD4 genetic polymorphism may independently and interactively LCZ696 influence similar behaviors through their common effects on the dopaminergic system. Two hundred and twenty-seven healthy males grouped in summer-born/4-repeats (4R) (n=75), winter-born/4R (n=90), summer-born/7R (n=31) and winter-born/7R

(n=31) groups, completed multimodal assessment for personality, planning for problem solving and decision making. Winter-born/7R Evofosfamide molecular weight subjects had significantly worse IGT performance throughout the task compared to 4R individuals, while summer-born 7R subjects had intermediate, although not significantly different performance. Moreover, winter-born/7R subjects had increased behavioral approach to reward without parallel reduction in sensitivity to fear or to social approval cues. The DRD4-by-SOB groups did not differ in planning for problem solving. These results suggest that a DRD4-by-SOB interaction is associated with increased behavioral approach to reward and risk taking but efficient problem solving. In addition, these results further support the hypothesis that SOB modifies the behavioral expression of dopaminergic genetic polymorphism. SOB should be included in future studies of risky behaviors and behavioral genetic studies of the dopamine system. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Aims:

To clarify the cellular properties of Listeria monocytogenes involved in adhesion to and biofilm formation on polyvinyl chloride, a widely used material in the food manufacturing process.

Objectives: To assess interaction abnormalities between 5-HT(1A) receptors and the endogenous opioid system in patients with major depression and the possible modulating effect of citalopram.

Methods: The beta-END response to the 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist, buspirone (30 mg), was measured in 30 patients with major depression and in 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls before and after an 8-week treatment

with citalopram. Pre-treatment score of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) was >= 17. Antidepressant response was defined by a 50% decrease in the HRSD. Pre- and post-treatment maximum peak response (Delta max) and the area under the curve (AUC) of beta-END response were compared. Three time points were measured MX69 cell line (60,90 and 120 min). We also examined the correlations between the beta-END response and the antidepressant response. Buspirone plasma levels were not measured.

Results: At baseline, beta-END response was similar in patients and controls. After 8 weeks of citalopram treatment depressed patients showed a significant decrease in the beta-END response (Delta max: p <.001; AUC: p <.001). A significant

correlation between the beta-END reduction in the response and the reduction in the HRSD score (r=.656; p <.001) was observed.

Conclusions: Captisol molecular weight Changes in interaction between 5-HT(1A) receptor system and the endogenous, opioid system may play a role both in the mechanism of action and response to antidepressant

drugs. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc All rights reserved.”
“Various feline APOBEC3 (fA3) proteins exhibit broad antiviral activities against a wide range of viruses, such as feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), feline foamy virus (FFV), and feline leukemia virus (FeLV), as well as those of other species. This activity can be counteracted by the FIV Vif protein, but the mechanism by which FIV Vif suppresses fA3s is unknown. In the present study, we demonstrated that FIV Vif could act via a proteasome-dependent Calpain pathway to overcome fA3s. FIV Vif interacted with feline cellular proteins Cullin5 (Cul5), ElonginB, and ElonginC to form an E3 complex to induce degradation of fA3s. Both the dominant-negative Cul5 mutant and a C-terminal hydrophilic replacement ElonginC mutant potently disrupted the FIV Vif activity against fA3s. Furthermore, we identified a BC-box motif in FIV Vif that was essential for the recruitment of E3 ubiquitin ligase and also required for FIV Vif-mediated degradation of fA3s. Moreover, despite the lack of either a Cul5-box or a HCCH zinc-binding motif, FIV Vif specifically selected Cul5. Therefore, FIV Vif may interact with Cul5 via a novel mechanism. These finding imply that SOCS proteins may possess distinct mechanisms to bind Cul5 during formation of the Elongin-Cullin-SOCS box complex.

Among AP-1 GSK461364 transcription factors, Fra-1 was induced by LMP2A and is essential for LMP2A-triggered MMP9 expression. Induction of Fra-1 was dependent on the LMP2A-activated ERK1/2 pathway, and induction of the ERK1/2 Fra-1 MMP9 axis required PY motifs in the amino-terminal domain of LMP2A. Notably, LMP2A-promoted invasion of NPC cells was blocked when MMP9 expression, Fra-1 induction, or ERK1/2 activation was inhibited. In addition, we found an association of LMP2A with MMP9 expression in NPC tumor biopsy specimens, where Fra-1 was a major mediation factor. This study reveals an underlying mechanism of LMP2A-induced

cell invasion, from signal transduction to upregulation of a critical protease. Considering that MMP9 can also be upregulated by another EBV oncoprotein, LMP1, this protease may be a pivotal effector at which the EBV-induced, invasion-promoting mechanisms converge, serving as an attractive therapeutic target for NPC treatment.”
“Pharmacological inactivation of the

granular insular cortex is able to block nicotine-taking and -seeking behaviors in rats. In this study, we explored the potential of modulating activity Selleckchem PLX4720 in the insular region using electrical stimulation. Animals were trained to self-administer nicotine (0.03 mg/kg per infusion) under a fixed ratio-5 (FR-5) schedule of reinforcement followed by a progressive ratio (PR) schedule. Evaluation of the effect of stimulation in the insular region was performed on nicotine self-administration under FR-5 and PR schedules, as well on reinstatement of nicotine-seeking behavior induced by nicotine-associated cues or nicotine-priming injections. The effect of stimulation was also examined in brain slices containing insular Selleck IWR-1 neurons. Stimulation significantly attenuated nicotine-taking, under both schedules of reinforcement, as well as nicotine-seeking behavior induced by cues and priming. These effects appear to be specific to nicotine-associated behaviors, as stimulation did not have any effect on food-taking behavior. They appear to be anatomically specific, as stimulation surrounding the insular

region had no effect on behavior. Stimulation of brain slices containing the insular region was found to inactivate insular neurons. Our results suggest that deep brain stimulation to modulate insular activity should be further explored. Neuropsychopharmacology (2013) 38, 690-698; doi:10.1038/npp.2012.235; published online 19 December 2012″
“Cells in the nervous system can respond to different kinds of stress, e.g. injury, with production and release of inflammatory molecules, including cytokines. One of the most important proinflammatory cytokines is interleukin-1, affecting most organs of the body. The high constitutive expression of interleukin-1 in the adrenal gland provides a source for local and systemic actions, in addition to activated monocytes.

AQP4 expressing Selleckchem IACS-10759 glioma cells showed significantly reduced invasion compared to AQP1 and S180 expressing tumors as determined by quantitative stereology, consistent with a differential role for AQP1 and AQP4 in this process. (C) 2010 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“The panglial syncytium maintains ionic conditions required for normal neuronal electrical activity in the central nervous system (CNS). Vital among these homeostatic functions is “”potassium siphoning,”" a process

originally proposed to explain astrocytic sequestration and long-distance disposal of K(+) released from unmyelinated axons during each action potential. Fundamentally different, more efficient processes are required in myelinated axons, where axonal K(+) efflux occurs exclusively beneath and enclosed within the myelin sheath, precluding direct sequestration of K(+) by nearby astrocytes. Molecular mechanisms for entry of excess K(+) and obligatorily-associated osmotic water from axons into innermost myelin are not well characterized, whereas at the output

end, axonally-derived K(+) and associated osmotic water are known to be expelled by Kir4.1 and aquaporin-4 channels concentrated in astrocyte endfeet PLX4032 mouse that surround capillaries and that form the glia limitans. Between myelin (input end) and astrocyte endfeet (output end) is a vast network of astrocyte “”intermediaries”" that are strongly inter-linked, including with myelin, by abundant gap junctions that disperse excess K(+) and water throughout the panglial syncytium, thereby greatly reducing K(+)-induced osmotic swelling of myelin. Here, I review original reports that established the concept of potassium siphoning in unmyelinated CNS axons, summarize recent revolutions in our understanding of K(+) efflux during axonal saltatory conduction,

then describe additional components required by myelinated axons for a newly-described process of voltage-augmented “”dynamic”" potassium siphoning. If any of several molecular components of the panglial syncytium are compromised, K(+) siphoning is blocked, myelin is destroyed, and axonal saltatory conduction ceases. Thus, a common thread linking several CNS demyelinating diseases is selleck inhibitor the disruption of potassium siphoning/water transport within the panglial syncytium. Continued progress in molecular identification and subcellular mapping of glial ion and water channels will lead to a better understanding of demyelinating diseases of the CNS and to development of improved treatment regimens. (C) 2010 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Background Previous estimates of the global burden of disease for children have not included much information from China, leading to a large gap in data.

We addressed this conceptually important issue, using a novel modification of the watermaze delayed-matching-to-place (DMP) test with an improved measure of hippocampus-dependent 1-trial place memory. CH5424802 nmr On the DMP test, rats learn the novel location of a hidden escape platform on trial 1 of every day, so that 1-trial place memory can be measured on trial 2. Our new task modification includes the measurement of search preference for the correct location on trial 2 – a very sensitive index of hippocampus-dependent place memory. We examined the effects of hippocampal D1-class

receptor blockade or stimulation during learning on memory at a 30-min retention delay. Bilateral hippocampal infusion of the D1-class receptor antagonist SCH23390 (1 or 5 mu g/1 mu l/side) before trial 1 dose-dependently impaired such early memory: rats infused with the higher dose showed reduced search preference ACY-738 datasheet for the correct location and took longer paths to reach this location. Infusion of the D1-class partial agonist SKF38393 (1 or 5 mu g/1 mu l/side) did not affect measures of 1-trial place memory. Our data reveal a behavioural correlate of the dopaminergic modulation of early LIP, thereby supporting the close correspondence between hippocampal LTP and hippocampus-dependent learning. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“In this

study, various solvent systems were applied to obtain a high and consistent recovery rate of EPZ004777 clinical trial low molecular weight plasma proteins (LMPP) from human plasma. A buffer system containing 7 M urea, 2 M thiourea, 25 mM NH(4)HCO(3) + 20% ACN (pH 8.2) produced the highest recovery rate of LMPP. To validate the recovery of cut off membrane (COM) obtained

using the urea buffer system, 27 different 30 kDa COMB were used to prepare the LMPP sample which were then subjected to 1-D SDS-PAGE. Statistical analysis showed that the buffer system with COLA produced a consistent the recovery of LMPP. In addition, 2-DE analysis was also conducted to determine the relative intensity of each protein spot. When molecular weight ranges over 30 kDa and under 30 kDa were evaluated, 953 and 587 protein spots were observed in the gels, respectively, resulting in a total of 1540 protein spots being resolved. Identification of the major proteins were then performed using a nano-LC/MS system comprised of an HPLC system and an ESI-quadrupole IT MS equipped with a nano-ESI source.”
“Objective: There are several lines of evidence that telmisartan may improve cardiometabolic profile. The aim of the study was to estimate changes of insulin resistance and plasma concentrations of adipokines after long-term antihypertensive treatment with telmisartan in obese hypertensive patients. Methods: 34 previously untreated obese adults with arterial hypertension were enrolled.

The mechanisms www.selleckchem.com/products/as1842856.html underlying cleavage-packaging and the subsequent steps prior to nuclear egress of DNA-filled capsids are incompletely

understood. The hitherto uncharacterized product of the essential HCMV UL52 gene was proposed to participate in these processes. To investigate the function of pUL52, we constructed a Delta UL52 mutant as well as a complementing cell line. We found that replication of viral DNA was not impaired in noncomplementing cells infected with the Delta UL52 virus, but viral concatemers remained uncleaved. Since the subnuclear localization of the known cleavage-packaging proteins pUL56, pUL89, and pUL104 was unchanged in Delta UL52-infected fibroblasts, pUL52 does not seem to act via these proteins. Electron microscopy studies revealed only B capsids in the nuclei of DUL52-infected cells, indicating that the mutant virus has a defect in encapsidation of viral DNA. Generation of recombinant HCMV genomes encoding epitope-tagged pUL52 versions showed that only the N-terminally tagged pUL52 supported viral growth, suggesting that the C terminus is crucial for its function. pUL52 was expressed as a 75-kDa protein with true MCC950 order late kinetics. It localized preferentially to the nuclei of infected cells and was found to enclose the replication compartments. Taken together, our results demonstrate an essential

role for pUL52 in cleavage-packaging of HCMV DNA. Given its unique subnuclear localization, the function of pUL52 might be distinct from that of other cleavage-packaging proteins.”
“OBJECTIVE: To analyze retrospectively the outcomes of primary as well as secondary functional reconstructions

in 49 patients with traumatic brachial plexus lesions from a single service. Guidelines for treatment might be extracted from this analysis.

METHODS: Among 152 cases of traumatic lesion of the brachial plexus presented to our clinic, 58 underwent primary brachial plexus reconstructive surgery. On exploration, all patients showed stretching and scarring of plexus elements; root avulsions see more were found in 28 patients (48%). Outcome evaluation was carried out in 49 of these patients with a follow-up period of 1 year or longer (mean follow-up, 27.9 mo; range, 12-72 mo). A total of 43 secondary reconstructive procedures to improve functionality of the involved arm were performed at a later stage in 25 of 58 patients. Outcomes of the secondary functional restorative procedures were evaluated (mean follow-Lip, 11.5 mo; range, 3-60 mo in 43 procedures).

RESULTS: Patients with neurolysis as a stand-alone procedure (11 patients) showed an outcome grade of 4 or 5. The average outcome of the 19 patients with C5, C6, and C7 grafting was Grade 3, the same as in patients with nerve transfers to the upper plexus elements (C5-C6 root avulsions, 13 patients).

From April 2009 to April 2011, 80 patients underwent vertebral augmentation. Patient enrolment criteria are as follows: age more than 20 years; symptomatic

osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture from low energy trauma encompassing level T5 to L1 and classified as A1.1 to A1.2 according to the AO classification system; vertebral height compression within 0-75% compared to the posterior (dorsal) wall; client history confirming the age of the compression fracture to be MDV3100 purchase within at least 4 weeks; and patients who are able to understand the procedure and participate in the study. Preoperative and postoperative imaging studies consisted of computed tomography, plain X-ray, dual X-ray absorptiometry scanning, and magnetic resonance. Pain intensity has been evaluated by an 11-point visual analog scale (VAS), and physical and quality of life compromise assessments

have been evaluated by Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (ODI). All procedures have been performed fluoroscopically guided by left unilateral approach under local anesthesia and mild sedation.

VAS-based pain trend over 12-month follow-up has shown a statistical significant (p < 0.001) decrease, starting from 7.68 (SD 1.83) preoperatively with an immediate first day decrease at 3.51 Neuronal Signaling (SD 2.16) and 0.96 (SD 0.93) at 12 months. The ODI score dropped significantly from 54.78% to 20.12% at 6 months. None device-related complication has been reported. In no case, a new incidental adjacent fracture has been reported.

Data show how this injectable partly resorbable ceramic cement could be a nontoxic and lower stiffness alternative to polymethylmethacrylate for immediate and long-term stabilization of osteoporotic collapsed vertebral bodies.”
“Single-chain antibody variable fragment (scFv) proteins consist of an antibody heavy chain variable sequence joined via a flexible linker to a light chain variable sequence. Prior work has shown that ScFv 18-2 binds

the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) and sensitizes cancer cells to radiation following nuclear microinjection. A potential clinical delivery strategy is based on modification of the scFv so that it can be taken up check details into cells and imported to the nucleus. This will require development of an expression system for a nuclear localization signal (NLS)-tagged scFv derivative. We found, however, that addition of the highly basic NLS severely compromised expression in the host-vector system used for the parental scFv. After testing a variety of host strains, fusion partners, and NLS sequences and placements, successful expression was obtained with a construct containing a stabilizing N-terminal maltose binding protein tag and a single, optimized, C-terminal NLS moiety.