Despite this, Selleckchem AZD7762 19% of physicians report using amiodarone as first-line prophylaxis of postoperative AF. Data directly comparing the efficacy of these agents in preventing postoperative AF are lacking.\n\nObjective: To determine whether intravenous

metoprolol and amiodarone are equally effective in preventing postoperative AF after cardiac surgery.\n\nDesign: Randomized, prospective, equivalence, open-label, multicenter study. (ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT00784316)\n\nSetting: 3 cardiac care referral centers in Finland.\n\nPatients: 316 consecutive patients who were hemodynamically stable and free of mechanical ventilation and AF within 24 hours after cardiac surgery.\n\nIntervention: Patients were randomly assigned to receive 48-hour infusion of metoprolol, 1 to 3 mg/h, according to heart rate, or amiodarone, 15 mg/kg of body weight

daily, with a maximum daily dose of 1000 mg, starting 15 to 21 hours after cardiac surgery.\n\nMeasurements: The primary end point was the occurrence of the first AF episode or completion of the 48-hour infusion.\n\nResults: Atrial fibrillation occurred in 38 of 159 (23.9%) patients in the metoprolol group and 39 of 157 (24.8%) click here patients in the amiodarone group (P = 0.85). However, the difference (-0.9 percentage point [90% CI, -8.9 to 7.0 percentage points]) does not meet the prespecified equivalence margin of 5 percentage points. The adjusted hazard ratio of the metoprolol group compared with the amiodarone group was 1.09 (95% CI, 0.67 to 1.76).\n\nLimitations: Caregivers were not blinded to treatment allocation, and the trial evaluated only stable patients who were not at particularly elevated risk for AF. The withdrawal of preoperative beta-blocker therapy may have increased the risk for AF in the amiodarone group.\n\nConclusion: The occurrence of AF was similar in the metoprolol and amiodarone groups. However, because of the wide range of the CIs, the authors cannot conclude that the 2 treatments were equally

effective.”
“Background: TSH receptor Danusertib price antibodies (TRAb) are the diagnostic hallmark of Graves’ disease (GD) and immunoassays for their detection have been available for more than 30 years over three generations of laboratory methods. Despite a growing body of data produced by clinical and laboratory research which demonstrates its elevated sensitivity and specificity, TRAb testing is poorly used for diagnosing GD.\n\nThe aim of our systematic review and meta-analysis is to verify the diagnostic performance of TRAb detected with 2nd and 3rd generation immunoassay methods.\n\nMethods: We searched for English articles using MEDLINE with the search terms “TSH receptor antibody assay”, “TSH Receptor antibody tests” and “Graves’ disease”.

3%), followed by those of the finger (14%) and distal forearm fractures (8%).\n\nConclusion: As the Department of Pediatric Surgery in Graz serves as

the referral center at least for nearly all major pediatric fractures in the Austrian state learn more of Styria, mechanisms and patterns of major fractures in this study can serve as the basis for state-wide pediatric injury prevention efforts. These prevention strategies should not aim to reduce the level of exposure but should increase the risk awareness and encourage children and their parents to use necessary precautions.”
“This is a retrospective study of 11 patients treated for sinonasal adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACCs) between 1989 and 2008. The authors statistically

analysed the epidemiological, clinical, histological and therapeutic aspects of this series of patients with sinonasal ACCs and their impact in terms of overall and disease-free survival established using the Kaplan-Meier method. A search for prognostic factors was made using a log-rank test. There were 5 women (45.4%) and 6 men (54.6%). Average age at diagnosis was 52.2 years (24-75 years). Mean follow-up of patients was 63 months Nepicastat (11-142 months). Tumours were classified as T1 in 9%, T2 in 45.4% and T4 in 45.4% of cases. Disease-free survival rates at 1, 5 and 10 years were 83%, 41% and eFT-508 purchase 18%, respectively, and overall survival rates were 100%, 64% and 35%, respectively. Surgery followed or not by radiotherapy resulted in better survival than other treatment, regardless of tumour stage. Better disease-free survival with postoperative radiotherapy was not found. These tumours should be treated by surgical resection with clear margins followed by adjuvant radiotherapy.”
“A three-stage sequencing batch reactor (SBR), comprising pretreating SBR (SBRpre), nitritation SBR (SBRni), and anaerobic ammonium oxidation

(Anammox) SBR (SBRana), was developed for the nitrogen removal from mature landfill leachate. The concentrations of ammonia and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in the leachate were 2000 +/- 100 and 2200 +/- 200 mg/L, respectively. About 100 mg/L of organic substance was removed from SBRpre to reduce the negative effect on the Anammox process under real-time control. After acclimation for 40 days, the nitrite to nitrogen oxide ratio (NO2-/NOx) in SBRni was above 0.95. The nitrogen removal efficiency reached 90% in SBRana, and nitrogen load rate and nitrogen removal rate were 0.81 and 0.76 kg N/(m(3) d), respectively. The continuous filling process was used to avoid the nitrite inhibition on the Anammox activity. The quantitative PCR analysis of Anammox indicated the average Anammox gene ratio increased from 0.23% to 4.77% after 220 days operation. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

gamma-CMD from the thermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus (Ss gamma-CMD) is encoded by the pcaC gene and is composed of 139 amino-acid residues with a molecular mass of 15 945 Da. Ss gamma-CMD was crystallized and X-ray data were collected to 2.40 angstrom resolution. The crystal belonged to space group P4(3)2(1)2, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 66.66, c = 184.82 angstrom. The Matthews coefficient and solvent content were estimated to be 2.14 angstrom(3) Da(-1) and 42.6%, respectively, assuming that the asymmetric unit contained three recombinant protein molecules.”
“The filoviruses, Marburg virus (MARV) and Ebola virus, causes severe hemorrhagic

fever with high mortality in humans and find more nonhuman primates. A promising filovirus vaccine under development is based on a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV) that expresses individual filovirus glycoproteins (GPs) in place of the VSV glycoprotein (G). These vaccines have shown 100% efficacy against filovirus infection in nonhuman primates when challenge occurs 28-35 days after a single injection immunization. Here, we examined the ability of a rVSV MARV-GP vaccine to provide protection when challenge occurs more than a year after vaccination. Cynomolgus macaques were immunized with rVSV-MARV-GP and challenged

with MARV Entinostat mechanism of action approximately 14 months after vaccination. Immunization resulted in the vaccine cohort of six animals having anti-MARV GP IgG throughout the pre-challenge period. Following MARV challenge none of the vaccinated animals showed any signs of clinical disease or viremia and all were completely

protected from MARV infection. Two unvaccinated control animals exhibited signs consistent with MARV infection and both succumbed. Importantly, these data are the first to show 100% protective efficacy against any high dose filovirus challenge beyond 8 weeks after final vaccination. These findings demonstrate the durability of VSV-based Selleckchem NU7441 filovirus vaccines.”
“Bird species are hypothesized to join mixed-species flocks (flocks hereon) either for direct foraging or anti-predation-related benefits. In this study, conducted in a tropical evergreen forest in the Western Ghats of India, we used intra-flock association patterns to generate a community-wide assessment of flocking benefits for different species. We assumed that individuals needed to be physically proximate to particular heterospecific individuals within flocks to obtain any direct foraging benefit (flushed prey, kleptoparasitism, copying foraging locations). Alternatively, for anti-predation benefits, physical proximity to particular heterospecifics is not required, i.e. just being in the flock vicinity can suffice.

65, respectively, P < 0.05). Our results showed that the increased percentage of myofibre type I and high expression of calpain 3 and PGC-1 alpha are positively related to meat tenderness. The results provide useful data for meat tenderness selection in pig breeding. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Background Mercaptopurine and azathioprine (AZA) are efficacious in treating IBD. 6-tioguanine (6-TGN) levels correlate with therapeutic efficacy, whereas high 6-methylmercaptopurine (6-MMP) levels are associated with hepatotoxicity and myelotoxicity. Some IBD patients exhibit dose-limiting preferential 6-MMP production, AZD8186 manufacturer which may lead to undesired side effects and impact efficacy. Aim To review

the outcomes of thiopurine split-dosing in patients with preferential 6-MMP metabolism. Methods A retrospective chart review of 179 IBD patients treated at the Cedars-Sinai IBD Center with AZA or mercaptopurine was performed. Preferential 6-MMP metabolisers with 6-MMP levels greater than 7000 pmol/8 x 108 erythrocytes who underwent split-dosing were identified and assessed for biochemical and clinical responses to these dose modifications. Results A total of 20 of 179 patients met the criteria for preferential 6-MMP metabolism and underwent thiopurine split-dosing. Dividing the total daily thiopurine BYL719 manufacturer dose led to a reduction

in 6-MMP levels (11785 vs. 5324 pmol/8 x 108 erythrocytes; P < 0.0001) without negatively affecting clinical disease activity or 6-TGN levels (239 vs. 216 pmol/8 x 108 erythrocytes; P = N.S.) and led to resolution of 6-MMP associated side effects (elevated transaminases,

leucopenia and flu-like symptoms) in all but two patients. After mean follow-up of 36 months, 12 patients remained in clinical remission on split-dose mercaptopurine. Five of the remaining eight patients escalated to anti-TNF therapy, two progressed to surgery, and one switched to tioguanine therapy. Conclusion Split-dose administration of mercaptopurine/AZA represents an alternative option in IBD patients with preferential 6-MMP metabolism who might otherwise require steroid exposure or escalation of therapy.”
“Intravascular stenting has emerged as the primary treatment for vascular diseases and has received great attention from the Sapitinib cost medical community since its introduction two decades ago. The endovascular self-expanding stent is used to treat peripheral artery diseases; however, once implanted, these stents suffer from various cyclic motions caused by pulsatile blood pressure and daily activities. Due to this challenging environment, fatigue performance has become a critical issue for stent design. In this paper, a simple yet intriguing concept of stent design aimed at enhancing pulsatile fatigue life is investigated. The concept of this design is to shift the highly concentrated stresses/strains away from the crown and re-distribute them along the stress-free bar arm by tapering its strut width.

Herein, we review ten popular medicinal and/or dietary herbs as perpetrators of CYP- and P-gp-mediated pharmacokinetic herb-drug interactions. The main focus

is placed on previous works on the ability of herbal BEZ235 chemical structure extracts and their phytochemicals to modulate the expression and function of CYP and P-gp in several in vitro and in vivo animal and human systems.”
“Background: Psoriasis has been reported to be associated with alcohol consumption. Objective:To investigate the level of alcohol intake in individuals with psoriasis and correlate intake with the extent of disease and pruritus. Methods: Twenty-nine outpatients (15 females and 14 males) with stable chronic plaque psoriasis of moderate severity were recruited. The Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and the degree of pruritus (visual analogue scale) were compared with measures of drinking habits as determined by the Lifetime Drinking

History (LDH), the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and whole-blood phosphatidylethanol (PEth), an alcohol-specific biomarker. Results: The majority of patients were social drinkers with moderate alcohol consumption as determined by PEth and LDH. Alcohol consumption correlated significantly with the PAST score. There was no correlation between alcohol use and pruritus. Conclusion: The level of alcohol consumption is correlated with the extent of psoriasis. (C) 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel”
“Apolipoprotein buy Nepicastat E (APOE) alleles are strongly related to the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). APOE genotype also affects inflammatory processes in response to damage. We tested whether APOE genotype affected the levels of specific immunoglobulins in healthy, uninfected APOE knock-in mice. We measured specific immunoglobulins in brain, spleen, and plasma. Levels of total IgG in brain and spleen were highest in APOE-epsilon 3 mice, significantly higher than in APOE-epsilon 2 and APOE-epsilon 4 mice; no differences

were observed for levels of total IgG in plasma. We also measured specific subtypes of IgG. IgG1 was only detectable in plasma and did not differ by APOE genotype. IgG3 was detectable in plasma and spleen, and also did not differ by APOE genotype. IgG2b showed the same eFT-508 pattern as levels of total IgG by APOE genotype, with the highest levels of IgG2b in brain, spleen, and plasma of APOE-epsilon 3 mice. IgG2a showed an entirely different pattern, with significantly higher levels in spleen and plasma of APOE-epsilon 4 mice compared to APOE-epsilon 2 and APOE-epsilon 3 mice. We also measured IgM and IgA in spleens and plasma of these mice. In spleen, APOE-epsilon 4 mice had the lowest IgA levels and the highest levels of IgM; both being significantly different from APOE-epsilon 2 mice.

We collected 296 adult and 145 nymphal ticks from the 70 captured foxes including 193 Ixodes pacificus, 149 Ixodes texanus, 98 Dermacentor variabilis, and one Dermacentor occidentalis. There were seasonal differences in tick intensities, with most I. pacificus adults

occurring in winter and spring (P<0.001), most I. texanus nymphs in spring (P=0.03), MK-5108 and most D. variabilis adults in spring and summer (P=0.01). Thirty-six (51%) of the 70 fox sera had antibodies against A. phagocytophilum., with a higher (P=0.24) prevalence in backcountry foxes (16 of 23) than in urban-zone foxes (12 of 31). Six (9%) of 70 fox samples were polymerase chain reaction-positive for A. phagocytophilum. Twenty-eight (31%) of 90 domestic clogs sampled from vaccine clinics within the study area were seropositive for A. phagocytophilum. There was a significant difference in prevalence between dogs and backcountry foxes (70%), but no differences were found between dogs and urban foxes (39%). We propose that gray foxes are a good sentinel species for A. phagocytophilum infections in northwestern California.”
“Previous studies on

the this website bacterial profile of burong mustasa, a traditional Philippine fermented food, had been conducted using culture-dependent techniques. Since these methods may underestimate the total microbiota of a sample, a culture-independent study was done to determine the bacterial diversity in burong mustasa through molecular biology techniques. Bacterial DNA was isolated from fermented mustard

samples at different stages of fermentation. The isolated genomic DNA was amplified by PCR using specific primers for the 16S ribosomal RNA gene (16S rDNA). The 1.5 kb amplicons obtained were subjected to nested PCR using primers for the internal variable region of the 16S rDNA. The 585 bp nested PCR amplicons were then subjected to denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) to separate the different bacteria present in each sample. Distinct and unique bands in the DGGE profile Cyclopamine research buy were excised, reamplified, purified and sequenced for bacterial identification. Molecular cloning of the 1.5 kb 16S rDNA was also performed using the pGEM-T Easy Vector System. The cloned gene was sequenced for bacterial identification. The identified microbiota in burong mustasa at different stages of fermentation include lactic acid bacteria and several uncultured bacteria (initial up to the final stages); acetic acid bacteria (middle stage); and Streptobacillus and Fusobacterium species (initial stage). The potential probiotic bacteria found in burong mustasa are Weissella and Lactobacillus.”
“A retrospective study of paralytic rabies in cattle in southern Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, diagnosed from 1978 to 2007 by the Regional Diagnostic Laboratory (LRD) of the Veterinary School, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), with 77 outbreaks or isolated cases of paralytic rabies in cattle, is reported.

“
“Purpose: We assessed external genitalia sensitivity and sexual function in adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia who had undergone Passerini-Glazel feminizing genitoplasty as children, and compared them to a control group of healthy counterparts. Materials and Methods: Inclusion criteria were congenital adrenal hyperplasia, Passerini-Glazel feminizing genitoplasty, adult age and penetrative vaginal intercourse. Thermal and vibratory sensitivity of the clitoris, vagina and labia minora were analyzed using the Genito Sensory Analyzer (Medoc Ltd., Minnetonka, Minnesota). Psychosexual outcome was assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory, Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,

Female Sexual Distress Scale and Female Sexual Function Index. Matched analyses were performed to compare outcomes in patients to controls (healthy medical students). Cyclosporin A chemical structure All statistical tests were performed using SPSS (R), version 18.0 Results: A total of 12 patients (10%) entered the study. Thermal and vibratory clitoral sensitivity was significantly decreased in all patients compared to healthy controls see more (p smaller than 0.01). There was no difference in thermal or vibratory vaginal sensitivity between patients and controls. On the Female Sexual Distress Scale 11 patients (91.6%) and 11 controls (91.6%) described a stable satisfactory relationship. All patients reported active sexual desire, good arousal, adequate

lubrication and orgasm. No significant difference in Female Sexual Function Index global score or single domain scores was observed between patients and controls. Conclusions: Although clitoral sensitivity in sexually active patients with

congenital adrenal hyperplasia treated with Passerini-Glazel feminizing genitoplasty is significantly reduced compared to controls, sexual function in those patients is not statistically or clinically significantly different from their healthy counterparts. Finally, 1-stage Passerini-Glazel feminizing genitoplasty seems to allow normal adult sexual function.”
“Objective. – The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate LB-100 the fungal flora of tap water from university hospitals of Sari city, Iran.\n\nMaterials and methods. – During a 1-year period, 240 water samples were collected from four university hospitals. All water samples were collected in sterile polystyrene bottles. A volume of 100 ml of the samples passed through sterile 0.45-micrometer filters. The filters were placed directly on malt extract agar and incubated at 27 degrees C for 3 to 7 days. Routine mycological techniques were applied to identification of grown fungi.\n\nResults. – Out of 240 plates, 77.5% were positive for fungal growth. Twelve different genera were identified. Aspergillus (29.7%), Cladosporium (26.7%) and Penicillium (23.9%) were the most common isolated. Among Aspergillus species, A. flavus had the highest frequency. Highest colony counts were found in autumn.

91%). All MRSA positive specimens were susceptible to vancomycin, but highly or completely resistant to the other antimicrobial drugs. Conclusion: In the present study imipenem, piperacillin/tazobactam and sulbactam-cefoperazone were found to be the most effective drugs against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The majority of MRSA were resistant to one or more than one antimicrobial drugs. Vancomycin and imipenem were the most effective drugsagainst Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA.”
“Aims: To investigate the effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) selleck screening library transplantation combining with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene therapy on myocardium rebuilding, angiogenesis, and heart function

improvement in rats with myocardial infarction. Methods: SD rat MSCs were isolated, cultured in vitro, labeled with BrdU and transfected by Ad. VEGF gene. SB525334 TGF-beta/Smad inhibitor Four weeks after left anterior descending

artery was ligated to create rat myocardial infarction, cardiac function was examined with echocardiography. Rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10 in each group): Group I: MSCs/Ad. VEGF implantation; Group II: MSCs implantation; Group III: Ad. VEGF injection; Group IV: Control. MSCs differentiation was observed 4 weeks after transplantation. Immunohistochemistry and angiogenesis were observed. Echocardiography was performed to detect the effects on heart function. Results: MSCs labeled with BrdU could be identified in host hearts in group I and II, most of them positively stained with cTnT antibody.

Echocardiography indicated that the improvement of the LVEF value in group I was more significant than that in the other three groups (P smaller than 0.01, respectively). Some cells were incorporated into the coronary capillaries in the infarcted region. The capillary density in group I was higher than that in the other three groups (P smaller than 0.01, respectively). Conclusion: MSCs implantation combining with VEGF gene therapy can obviously repair damaged myocardium and enhance the angiogenesis in ischemic heart tissue.”
“Fluoroscopy is an important tool for diagnosis in the pediatric population, but it carries the risk of radiation exposure. Because radiology resident education and experience in the use of fluoroscopy equipment in children vary, we implemented an buy 17DMAG intervention to standardize fluoroscopy training. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of implementing a fluoroscopy competency check-off for radiology resident trainees aimed at decreasing radiation exposure in three common pediatric fluoroscopic studies. A fluoroscopy competency check-off form was developed for radiology resident trainees performing pediatric procedures. Techniques used to limit radiation exposure for common pediatric radiologic studies were reviewed as part of the check-off process. Pediatric radiologists supervised each trainee until they demonstrated competence to independently perform three specified procedures.

Antioxidant administrations resulted in a general reduction in ROS concentrations which decreased more after a single drug administration (VAE and LCAR Groups) Selleck NVP-LDE225 vitamin A and E serum levels increased in the three treated groups compared to control one (p < 0.05).

Milk lipoperoxide content was statistically lower in treated cows than in control ones, whereas, as to vitamins, only vitamin E increased in all the treated

groups compared to control. Taken together, the results of this study confirm the efficacy of antioxidant administration in the early postpartum of dairy cows and suggest that an excess in antioxidant administration may result, paradoxically, in an increase in ROS generation. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death and disability in adults in Latin America. Women are more affected by these diseases than by all forms of cancer. Latin American VX-809 mouse countries have experienced rapid and uneven socioeconomic changes with a significant effect on lifestyle, demographic

and health-related indicators. Differences in methodological approaches make it difficult to compare studies and health statistics across countries in the region. According to available statistics, female population in Latin American countries have lower mortality rate from coronary heart disease and higher mortality rate from cerebrovascular disease than North America. Current rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes are alarming in female in some countries. The high prevalence of risk factors forecasts an increase in cardiovascular disease for the coming PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitor 3 research buy decades in this region of the world. More systematic and sustained efforts for research, education, surveillance, prevention, early detection and affordable treatment

are required across all Latin American countries to improve health conditions for adult population and particularly for women, who are more affected by obesity and diabetes. This article reviews the available information on cardiovascular disease and related risk factors in Latin American countries with a focus on female and to provide a brief description of selected multinational and national efforts to study and prevent this threat. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“We have demonstrated superconductor-normal metal-insulator-superconductor Nb/Al-AlO(X)/Nb Josephson junctions developed with Al layer thicknesses between 30 and 100 nm, resulting in nonhysteretic current-voltage characteristics for critical current densities between 20 and 60 kA/cm(2). Specific capacitances ranged from 180 to 480 fF/mu m(2), depending on temperature and of barrier deposition conditions.

From this extraction, five compounds were isolated and determined as adenosine (1), daidzin (2), puerarin (3), 3′-methoxypuerarin (4) and daidzein 8-C-apiosyl glucoside (5) on the basis of physico-chemical properties and spectroscopic analysis, including 1D- and 2D-NMR spectral data. Compound 2-5 were isolated from genus Potentilla for the first time. Compound 1 was first isolated from the title plant.”
“Purpose of the study was to analyze in a retrospective way the clinical and radiographic outcome of three different surgical techniques in patients who underwent anterior cervical

fusion.

Eighty-six patients affected by symptomatic cervical disc herniation or spondylosis underwent cervical anterior fusion. Patients were divided in three groups considering NVP-BSK805 the surgical technique. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by Visual Analog

Scale, Odom’s criteria, Neck Disability Index. Radiographic evaluation included standard and functional X-rays.

At 7 years mean follow-up, a comparable improvement in clinical symptoms was observed in all groups. Radiographic findings showed a solid fusion in all patients but seven cases in group 2 showed a subsidence of the cage.

As shown by the obtained clinical and radiographic results, the anterior interbody fusion with stand-alone peek cage containing beta-tricalcium phosphate could be considered an effective and reliable procedure.”
“A sensitive and selective liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for determination of meropenem in rabbit plasma was developed. After addition of triazolam Metabolism inhibitor as internal standard (IS), protein precipitation by acetonitrile was used in sample preparation. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Restek Allure (TM) PFP Propyl (2.1 mm x 100 mm, 5 mu m)

column with acetonitrile-0.1 % formic acid as mobile phase with gradient elution. Electrospray ionization (ESI) source was applied and operated in positive ion mode; multiple reaction monitoring PI3K inhibitor (MRM) mode was used to quantification using target fragment ions m/z 384.1 -> 339.9 for meropenem and m/z 342.7 -> 307.8 for the IS. Calibration plots were linear over the range of 0.1-40 mu g/mL for meropenem in plasma. Lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) for meropenem was 0.1 mu g/mL. Mean recovery of meropenem from plasmV was in the range 85.6 %-96.5 %. CV of intra-day and inter-day precision were both less than 15 %. This method is simple and sensitive enough to be used in pharmacokinetic research for determination of meropenem in rabbit plasma.”
“Chronic inflammation can lead to altered extracellular matrix deposition and ultimately fibrosis. Interleukin-13 (IL-13) is a cytokine that was found to promote IgE class switching and inhibit proinflammatory cytokines. However, it is now recognized as an important mediator in allergy and most importantly fibrosis.